• Nu S-Au Găsit Rezultate

View of Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge towards Misconceptions regarding Mental Illness among Rural Adults

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Share "View of Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge towards Misconceptions regarding Mental Illness among Rural Adults"

Copied!
6
0
0

Text complet

(1)

Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge towards Misconceptions regarding Mental Illness among Rural Adults

Ms. Poonam Ahlawat1, Ms. Anamika Gautam2*, Ms. Shikha Thapa3, Mr.Sunil Kumar Dular4

1,3 Assistant Professor, Department of Mental health nursing, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

2 Nursing Tutor, Department of Mental health nursing, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

4 Associate Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

Email: 1[email protected], 2[email protected], 3[email protected],

4[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Many people perceive those with a mental illness as individuals with a collection of negative traits. It is often difficult to recognize that behaviors associated with mental health conditions vary and are often not personality traits, but side effects of a mental health condition. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge towards misconceptions regarding mental illness among rural adult. This was a cross-sectional, Descriptive study carried out in Village Badsa in Gurugram, Haryana of India. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the samples from community people. Total 100 participants enrolled themselves in the study. The Data shows that maximum number of rural adults in community had poor knowledge regarding misconceptions regarding mental illness among rural adults and 15% of the rural adult had average knowledge. Challenged faced by the stereotypes and prejudice peoplethat result from misconceptions about mental illness. As a result of both, people with mental illness are robbed of the opportunities that define a quality life

Keywords

Misconceptions, Mental Illness, Rural Adults

INTRODUCTION

Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices. Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood.1Mental illness is probably the most misunderstood and abused illness. Half of individual with serious mental illness to remain untreated at any given time. It is known that treating seriously mentally ill people decreases violent behavior.2

Misconception refers to a set of negative attitudes and beliefs that motivate individuals to fear, reject, avoid, and discriminate against people with mental illness.3Unfortunately, not everyone understands mental health problems. Some people may have misconceptions about what certain diagnoses mean. They may also use language you find dismissive, offensive or hurtful. This can be very upsetting – especially if someone who feels this way is a family member, colleague or a healthcare professional. But it's important to remember that you aren't alone, and you don’t have to put up with people treating you badly.4

In India, the prevalence of mental disorders ranges from 10 to 370 per 1000 population in different parts of the country. The median conservative estimate of 652 per 1000 population has been given by Guru raj et al. The rates are higher in females by approximately 20-25%.5 It is important not to treat our mental health different from our physical health and give undivided attention to both for our overall well-being. Mental health is equally important as physical health

(2)

Some people think there is an automatic link between mental health problems and being a danger to others. This is an idea that is reinforced by sensationalized stories in the media. However, the most common mental health problems have no significant link to violent behavior. The proportion of people living with a mental health problem who commit a violent crime is extremely small. There are lots of reasons someone might commit a violent crime, and factors such as drug and alcohol misuse are far more likely to be the cause of violent behavior. But many people are still worried about talking about how they're feeling, or seeking help, because of the fear and stigma of being seen as dangerous. It's important to remember that experiencing difficult thoughts, feelings and behaviors when you're unwell is common, and it's extremely unlikely to mean you may harm another person. 7

Those suffering from a mental illness, whether it’s minimal or extreme, have long been stigmatized for their plight. Labels such as “weird” or “crazy” are often uttered by those who do not understand or are looking for a simpler way to define someone’s mental health condition. It’s clear that education is needed to reduce the negative misunderstandings of mental health disorders. Breaking down stereotypes and myths may be the answer to reducing the stigma associated with mental illness so that those affected will receive help.Many people perceive those with a mental illness as individuals with a collection of negative traits. It is often difficult to recognize that behaviour’s associated with mental health conditions vary and are often not personality traits, but side effects of a mental health condition.8

As far as causation of mental morbidity is concerned, there are many factors similar to any other world community, but delayed health-seeking behaviour, illiteracy, cultural and geographic distribution of people are special for India.9 The misconceptions that surround mental illness hinder our understanding about many of the mental disorders that are prevalent today—such as depression, anxiety and mood disorders, bipolar disrder.10

Many people with serious mental illness are challenged doubly. On one hand, they struggle with the symptoms and disabilities that result from the disease. On the other, they are challenged by the stereotypes and prejudice that result from misconceptions about mental illness. As a result of both, people with mental illness are robbed of the opportunities that define a quality life: good jobs, safe housing, satisfactory health care, and affiliation with a diverse group of people.11Public stigma against mental health problems is damaging to people with mental illness and is associated with significant societal burden. It is a global phenomenon which is prevalent over time and place.12

Mental and behavioral problem exist in all countries, in women and mental stages of life, among the poor and rich and among rural and urban people. As many as450million people worldwide are estimated to be suffering at any given time from some kind of mental or brain disorder, including behavioural and substance related disorders.13 Community’s perception of mental health varies across the culture, and there are various myths and beliefs regarding mental health.14The conceptualization and perceived cause of mental illness vary from community to community. Accordingly, people with mental health problem get different names indifferent societies.15

People tend to have strong beliefs about the mental illness, and many of these concepts are based on prevailing local Systems of belief. Most of the society’s perception and attitude towards mental illness are far from the scientific view and this may negatively affect treatment seeking and adherence.16

(3)

METHODOLOGY

This was a cross-sectional, Descriptive study carried out in Village Badsa in Gurugram, Haryana of India. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the samples from community people. Total 100 participants enrolled themselves in the study. Inclusion criteria adopted in the study were Rural adults of Village Badsa, Rural adults who are available at time of data collection and Exclusion criteria are Rural adults who are not willing to participate, Rural adults who are not present at time of data collection.

Description of the tool- The tool consisted of –

SECTION A- Demographic Variable

It consisted of demographic variables of samples like age, sex, any history of mental illness in family, Type of Family educational qualification related to myths and misconceptions regarding mental illness.

SECTION B

This section consisted of 26 questions to assess the knowledge regarding myths and misconceptions of mental illness. Each item had four options with one most correct answer for each items the correct response carries zero score. Thus, for 26 items in that maximum obtainable score was 26 and minimum score was 0.

A quality criterion referring to the degree to which inferences made in a study are accurate and well founded. In the measurement, the degree to which an instrument measure what it is intended to measure, the tools were validated by 7 experts.

Reliability-

Reliability of a research instrument is defined as the extent to which instrument is the same result in repeated measure.

The reliability of the tool was tested by questionnaire on rural adults Village Badsa. The reliability of the tool was calculated by using Karl Person’s formula. The measure of reliability was 0.52. Therefore, the tool was found reliable.

RESULT

Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 20 Version and Descriptive analysis was done in terms of mean and standard deviation with range for continuous variables and for ordinal and nominal variables frequency with percentage was used. Mean and standard deviation have been used to estimate the results of the study. All analyses were done with the help of SPSS Version 20.

The Data shows that 16% rural adults are of 20-30years of age, 46% are of 31-40years of age, 20% are of 41-50years of age, 18% rural adults are 50 years above of age. 50% are male adults and 50% are female rural adults. 12% are illiterate, 17% had primary eduction,34% had secondary education, 26% had senior secondary education, 5% were graduate, and 7% rural were post graduated. 43% nuclear families, 49% joint families and 8% were extended families, 39%

had knowledge through television, 28% through newspaper, 27% through books, and 5% form others have previous source of Knowledge.

The Data shows that maximum number of rural adult in community had poor knowledge regarding misconceptions regarding mental illness among rural adults and 15% of the rural adult

(4)

Table 1-frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge

S.NO. LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE FREQUENCY %

1. Poor knowledge (88)85%

2. Average knowledge (12)15%

3. Good knowledge 00

Further, Association of level of Knowledge with Socio-demographic variable was tested by using one-way ANOVA and Independent t-test among rural adult. There was no significant association of knowledge scores with Socio-demographic variable at 0.05 level of significance.

Graph 1.1 percentage distribution of level of knowledge DISCUSSION

The present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge towards misconceptions regarding mental illness among rural adults. The data shows that in the study equal participant participated in the study.

In present study maximum rural adult had poor knowledge (85% )and average knowledge (15%) which is similar to the study conducted by Neog Momi1 , KhanikarMridula Saikia2, in 2016 that 5% of the rural college students had adequate knowledge, 73% had moderate level and 22% had inadequate level of knowledge on mental illness17 and contrast with the study conducted by Sonia1 , Arti Attri in 2020 where the study findings revealed that the majority of the adults of urban community i.e. 96% had good knowledge followed by 4% average and no one had poor knowledge on myths and misconceptionregarding mental illness. It also shows that the majority of the adults of rural community i.e. 74% had average knowledge followed by only 26% had good knowledge and no one had a poor knowledge on myths and misconception regarding mental illness and similar with the study result The population of consisted of adults 18-35 years and in present study it was 20-30yrs.18

85 15

0 0

poor knowledge average knowledge good knowledege

(5)

CONCLUSION

The stigma attached to mental illness is the greatest obstacle to the improvement of the lives of the people with mental illness and their families. These findings implicated the government also need pay more attention to mental health problems and awareness program regarding that especially among adult population

Acknowledgement

The authors express their whole hearted thanks to Participants and Research Committee SGT University Haryana India towards their timely support for this study.

REFERENCES

[1] Department of Health and Human Services, "Mental Health Plus," U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20201, 2019.

[2] "A study on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding mental health illnesses in Amdanga block, West Bengal," ARTICLE, DR. P C SEN MEMORIAL AWARD FOR RURAL BASED ORIGINAL RESEARCH, Kolkata, West Bengal, 2017.

[3] P. D. Corrigan PW, " Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma.,"

PubMed, 1999;54(9):765–776..

[4] T. I. Standard, "Menatal health problems: an Introduction::Stigma and Misconceptions,"

Mind 2017, 2017.

[5] R. V. R Nishanthi, "Misconceptions Regarding Mental Illness Among General Population,"

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2017; 9(10): 645-648, 2017.

[6] B. B. Atika Shukla (Founder and CEO, "10 mental health myths debunked to clear your doubts about when to seek help," India Today , 2019.

[7] T. I. Standard, "Are people with mental health problems dangerous?," Mind 2017, 2017.

[8] p. :. A. A. A. C. Resources, "Mental Health Misconceptions," An American Addiction Centers Resources, 2020.

[9] G. N. I. M. Gururaj G, "Mental, neurological and substance abuse disorders: Strategies towards a systems approach. In. Burden of disease in India.," National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Government of India. , 2005 [Google Scholar].

[10] S. J. Corrigan PW, "Measuring the impact of programs that challenge the public stigma of mental illness," Clinical Psychology Review. , 2010 ; 30(8).

[11] R. V. R Nishanthi, "Misconceptions Regarding Mental Illness Among General Population,"

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2017; 9(10): 645-648, 2017.

[12] A. S. S. S. S. M. P. K. G. S. K. Rivu Basu, "A study on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding mental health illnesses in Amdanga block, West Bengal," Indian Journal Of Public Health, 2017.

[13] J. T. Z. Y. a. A. MisaelBenti, "Community Perception towards Mental Illness among Residents of Gimbi Town, Western Ethiopia," Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2016.

[14] D. S. Arnault, "Cultural Determinants of help seeking: model for research and practice,"

Research and Theory for NursingPractice,vol.23,no.4,pp.259–278,, 2009.

[15] S. Teferra and T. Shibre, " “Perceived causes of severe mental disturbance and preferred

(6)

[16] D. K. F. K. e. a. J. R. Nsereko, "“Stakeholder’s per- ceptionsofhelp- seekingbehaviouramongpeoplewithmental health problems in Uganda,”International Journal of Mental HealthSystems,vol.5,article5,, 2011.

[17] Momi N, Saikia KM. Knowledge and attitude towards mental illness-A comparative study among rural and urban college students. 2017;5139:3–6. Available from:

http://www.ijhrmlp.org/pdfs/186.pdf

[18] Attri A. A Comparative Study to Assess the Knowledge on Myths and Misconceptions about Mental Illness among Adults (18-35yrs) in Selected Rural and Urban Community of Gurugram with a View to Develop Information Booklet. Int J Nurs Educ. 2020;12(4):130–

5.

Referințe

DOCUMENTE SIMILARE

of the mothers had moderately adequate knowledge and 85.8% of mothers had adequate knowledge regarding weaning The present study shows that there was a

Though the drugs and vaccines are introduced but still some side effect are seen, the only alternative is to crack the bond of transmission of disease by impairing the awareness

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Human Breast Milk Banking Among Postnatal

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Online Module on Knowledge Regarding Preparedness of Medical Emergencies among Staff Nurses Working in.. Selected Hospitals

Table-2, 3 and graph-1depicted that in pre-test knowledge scores 5.0% of nursing staff had average knowledge and 95.0% had poor knowledge regarding post stroke

In the study done by Ying Wen et al [11] it was found that though the students had heard about HPV, the students had a poor knowledge regarding minute details regarding HPV

The present study revealed that the majority 71% (77) adolescent girls had inadequate knowledge, 23% (25) adolescent girls had moderately adequate knowledge and the

The study was conducted using descriptive quantitative assessment approach using the tools that have been questionnaire to explore the knowledge and preventive behaviors