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A study to assess the level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among under graduate nursing students at Selected Nursing College

Mrs. V.Santhi1, Dr. S. Santhi2, Dr.Neelakshi3, Mrs. M.Mahadevi4

1Lecturer, 23 Professors, 4 Lecturer

1,4, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, 3,4 Department of Psychiatric nursing Sri Ramachandra faculty of Nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of higher education and research (DU),

Porur, Chennai-600116, India.

Corresponding Author:

*Mrs. V. Santhi,

Lecturer, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Nursing,

Sri Ramachandra Institute of higher education and research (DU), Porur, Chennai-600116, India

Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder which affects the adolescent girls. It has been found through studies that it affects around 5% to 10% of Adolescents in their reproductive years. The present study assesses the level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among under graduate nursing students. Methods: The research design adopted for this study was non-experimental descriptive study was conducted in Sri Ramachandra Institute of higher education and research (DU).Results: majority 30(60%) were in the age group of 19-20 years, Regarding the program of the students in the study group, there was an equal number of 25(50%) student from both II year and III year B.sc Nursing student. Majority of 28 (56%) of the nursing students had Moderate knowledge, 21(42%) of the nursing students had Inadequate knowledge,1(2%) of the nursing students had Adequate knowledge. Conclusion: The present study concludes that majority of the students studying 2nd and 3rd year had moderate level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease.

Keywords:

Knowledge, polycystic ovarian disease, under graduate nursing students Introduction

Adolescent period is a unique period where there is a change from childhood to adulthood, a time of physiological, psychological, social and emotional adaptation. During this period individual attains physical and sexual maturity, whereas emotional maturity will be imbalanced. The changes in adolescent period have important implications to understand the health risks associated with this syndrome. Any difference of secondary sex characteristics can inversely affect the physical and emotional adaptation of the adolescent. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a form in which woman has an imbalance of female sex hormones. This may lead to changes in the menstrual cycle, cyst in the

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ovary, failure to conceive and other health problems. It is a common health problem among teenagers and young women. It affects 5% to 10% of women in their reproductive years. India has witnessed about 30% rise in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) cases in the last couple of years.

Lack of knowledge and lifestyle changes are considered to be the major factor leading to this phenomenon. There is a need to increase awareness among women so as to avoid major cases of fertility problems in the future. A Nurse holds a critical role in health care that goes beyond the day to day duties. Nurses are in a position to provide comprehensive care to adolescent afflicted with the syndrome

Ene-ObongH1 et al.,(2016),conducted a study to assess prevalence and knowledge of PCOS among female science students of different public universities at Quetta, pakistan.A mixed methodology approach was conducted in different public universities of Quetta which focuses on questionnaire based on assessment as well as providing education. The data from 451 female students of age range between 18-26 years was collected by using stratified convenient sampling technique from January to September 2016. The finding of the study revealed that 374(72.5%) respondents were not aware of PCOS and get knowledge through brochure. while 407(90.2%) subjects were having adequate knowledge about PCOS after educational intervention.

Essential elements of nursing practice should be included in the nursing education. So upgrading the knowledge regarding PCOS to nursing students will enhance the adolescent girls to modify their lifestyle and reduce the risk.

Students were considered to be the future pillars who take the responsibilities to take our country to the next phase they should be in better way. To recognize this, the investigator decided to analysis the knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among under graduate nursing students

Methodology

Research design: Descriptive research design was chosen for this study.

The setting of the study

The study was conducted in the faculty of nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of higher education and research (DU), Porur, Chennai. SRIHER & RI (DU) has nine constituent colleges. Faculty of nursing is one among the oldest college established in the year 1993. Faculty of nursing is three story building runs three programs namely, B.Sc. Nursing (Basic) 4 year course, B.Sc. Nursing (Post Basic) 2 years course and M.Sc. Nursing with five specialties, which is for 2 years.

Population: The target population of the study was the under graduate nursing students of faculty of nursing , Sri Ramachandra Institute of higher education and research (DU), Porur, Chennai.

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Sample & sample size:

The sample for the study includes 50 under graduate II and III year nursing student of Sri Ramachandra faculty of nursing, who are available during data collection and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The sampling technique used for this study was the non-probability convenience sampling method.

Sampling criteria: The undergraduate nursing students were willing to participate in the study, who were studying in nursing programme and who can available during the period of data collection were included for the study. The undergraduate nursing students with having diagnosis of polycystic ovarian disease and who are not willing to participate and were excluded

Description of the tool: The tool consists of two sections. PART – I consists of Demographic variables such as Age, Nursing program, Type of family, Place of residence, Medium of instruction and awareness on polycystic ovarian disease and attended any program on polycystic ovarian disease. PART- II consists of a structured questionnaire on polycystic ovarian disease and consisting of 20 questions. The correct answer was scored as 1 and wrong answer was scored as 0.

The total score on level of knowledge was 20. The level of knowledge score has been classified as inadequate knowledge(<50%), Moderately adequate knowledge (50 – 74%) and Adequate knowledge (>75 %)

Data collection procedure

The study was conducted in the faculty of nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of higher education and research (DU), Porur, Chennai. SRIHER & RI (DU). Written permission was obtained from the Principal, Sri Ramachandra faculty of Nursing and the Medical Director of Sri Ramachandra Hospital. Under graduate nursing students were selected by adopting Nonprobability convenient sampling. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nursing students were selected for the study. Participants were clearly explained about the purpose and procedure of the study and written informed consent was obtained before conducting the study. Assurance was made about the confidentiality of their responses. Privacy was maintained. A structured knowledge questionnaire was administered to the selected subjects along with adequate explanations and data were collected.

The collected data were grouped and descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analyzing the data.

Results

The study revealed that concerning the age of the undergraduate nursing student, 13 (26%) the student were under the age group of 17 – 18 years, 30(60%) of the students were under the age group of 19-20 years and 7(14%) of the students were under the age group of 21-22 years.

With regard to the nursing program of the students 25(50%) belonged to II year B.sc (Nursing) and 25(50%) belonged to III year B.sc (Nursing).

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In relation type of family 35(70%) of the students were in the nuclear family, 12(24%) of the students were in the Joint family, 3(6%) of the students were in the Extended family.

With regard to the place of residence 30(60%) of the students belonged to the Rural, 17(34%) of the students belonged to Urban, 3(6%) of the students belonged to the Suburban.

Analyzing the Medium of instruction of the students at school showed that 13(26%) of the students were in Tamil medium, 34(68%) of the students were in English medium, 3(6%) of the students belonged to the others.

With regard to the Awareness on polycystic ovarian disease, 12(24%) of the student had aware through Television and radio ,5(10%) of the students had aware Newspaper ,13(26%) of the students had aware Internet and computer ,11(22%) of the students had aware to others ,9(18%) of the students belonged to None . Regarding attended any program related to polycystic ovarian disease, 8(16%) of the students attended, 42(84%) of the students did not attend any program on polycystic ovarian disease.

Study revealed that (42%) of the under graduate nursing students had a inadequate knowledge, (56%) of the under graduate nursing students had a moderately adequate knowledge, (2%) of them were adequate knowledge

There was significant association between place of residence and attended any program on polycystic ovarian disease with level of knowledge p<0.05 and p<0.001

Figure 1: Frequency and distribution of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among UG Nursing students (N=50)

Table.1. Mean and standard deviation of knowledge score among under graduate Nursing students.

(N=50)

Aspects Maximum score Mean Standard Deviation

General aspects 4 1.344 0.72

Clinical features and investigation

7 4.14 1.82

(42%) (56%)

(2%)

Inadequate knowledge Moderately adequate knowledge

Adequate knoledge

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Management 3 0.86 0.31 Prevention and

complication

6 4.116 1.62

Over all 20 8.38 3.22

Table.1 shows that the overall mean score was 8.38 and the standard deviation was 3.22 of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among under graduate nursing students

Recommendations

The study can be replicated in large samples to strengthen the findings.

Interventional-based studies can be done to recognize, manage and prevent poly cystic ovarian disease

A comparative study can be knowledge, practice and lifestyle modification among undergraduate nursing student from an urban and rural area

Conclusion

This study concluded that the majority of under graduate nursing students had a moderate level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian. More emphasis should be made on improving the knowledge among under graduate nursing students. Essential steps to be taken to support the under graduate nursing students make them lead an increase knowledge on this condition.

Conflict of Interest: Authors do not have anything to disclose and declare not conflict of interest.

Informed Consent: Informed consent was obtained from the participants with the option to withdraw them from the study at any time.

Source of Funding: None Acknowledgements

It is my privilege to be a part of this institution and I thank the Managing Trusteeof Sri Ramachandra University, for allowing me to utilize the resources available in the University. With deep sense of gratitude I express my sincere thanks and gratefulness to Prof.Dr.S. Santhi, Prof.Dr.G.Neelakshi and Mrs. M. Mahadevi, Faculty of Nursing, Sri Ramachandra University for their constant encouragement, suggestions, guidance for the successful completion of this research.

References

1. Broder – fingert Sarabeth,(2009)‘Evaluation of adolescents for PCOD in an urban population.

Journal of Clinical Research Pediatric Endocrology. 1(4), pp:188-193

2. Chang R Jeffrey et.al.(2008) ‘Polycystic Ovary Disease ’ .Humana press. 12 pp: 147-157.

3. Coviello D Andrea et.al.(2009) ‘Adolescent girls with Polycystic Ovary Disease have an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome associated with increasing androgen levels independent of obesity and insulin resistance. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology &

Metabolis., volume 91(2),PP:492-497.

4. Dutta. D. C. (2006) Text book of gynecology including contraception (4th ed,). Calcutta: New central book agency (p) ltd,

5. Grassy, Angela MS RD,(2007) Polycystic Ovary Disease in adolescents : recognition and treatment approaches’, scan’s pulse, pp :11

6. Hassan Areej et.al. ,(2007) ‘Current opinion in Pediatrics: Polycystic Ovary Disease update in adolescence. Journal of adolescent medicine. Volume 19(4), pp: 389-397.

7. Klieg Mann et.al.(2009)Nelson textbook of pediatrics, 10th edition, volume 1, Philadelphia:

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Saunders publishers.

8. Rofey L Dana et.al.(2010) ‘cognitive behavioral therapy for physical and emotional disturbances in adolescents with PCOD Journal of experimental biology and medicine.

9. Staff reporter,(2005)”Alarming rise in hormone disorder in young girls” The Hindu.

10. Ullanch. J. Warren et.al.(2004) ‘Treatment of PCOD in adolescence’, Best practice &research clinical endocrinology &metabolism, volume 20, (2), pp: 311-330.

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