10312
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Human Breast Milk Banking Among Postnatal Mothers
Miss. ShubhangiMundhe1, Dr.Seeta Devi2, Mrs. ShitalWaghmare3, Miss Shubhangi Mundhe4
1M.Sc Nursing Student, Symbiosis College of Nursing (SCON), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune.411004
2Assoc. Professor, Symbiosis College of Nursing (SCON), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU),
3Assoc. Professor Symbiosis College of Nursing (SCON) Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU),
4M.Sc Nursing Student Symbiosis College of Nursing (SCON) Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune.411004
Abstract.
Background:Human breast milk contains a rich source of nutrition, which should be given to all babies.
But in some cases when it is not possible, expressed donated milk is the second option. In developing countries, women are not aware of the donation of human milk and human milk banks.
Methodology: In the present study quantitative research study approach was designed. One of the experiementalresearch, that is pre-experimental designwas executed. The subjects were 40 postnatal women who were chosen by using the techniques of judgemental sampling. The structured surveyform and checklists were used to collect the data. The reliability of the tool was calculated by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient test, the results were 0.84, 0.80, and 0.94.
Result:In the current study paired t was used to check the significance between pretest and posttest results, t value was 1.78 at 48 degrees of freedom and the p-value was -1.58, these values are lesser than 0.05. It indicates that the intervention which was used in this study found to be effective
Conclusion: All health care professionals need to provide awareness on breast milk donation facilities available in urban cities and how it is useful for babies who cannot availof breast milk.
Keywords:Knowledge, effectiveness, Attitude, Information booklet, Human Breast Milk Banking.
1. Introduction
A human Breast Milk Bank is a service that is facilitated for collecting, screening, processing, storing, and distributing donated human milk to needy infants. These banks provide a substitution for formula feeds for preterm babies when mothers breast milk not available1.
Human breast milk bank primarily serves to provide human milk for the babies who were admitted to NICUs 2.
Premature infants are the main group of newborns who take significant benefits out of it. Human milk protects premature newborns from diseases includes enterocolitis and sepsis3.
If the milk supply for women is sufficient and excessive, she donates her extra milk to the babies whose mothers have insufficient and absent of lactation, a twin born babies, whose mother can not produce the breast milk for their babies. Some of the other babies also require donor milk such as adopted neonates4. The mother one who is healthy, having a healthy newborn, and who voluntarly give acceptance to donate their breast milk are eligible for donating their breast milk6.
The majority of the postnatal women are healthy and produce an excessive amount of milk in the breast, which might cause breast complications such as breast engorgement. Due to this, the women are advised to express the extra breast milk manually and through. If these women are educated and guided to donate their extra milk, which will be greatly beneficial for the babies who do not have cant to get their mother’s milk7.
Therefore present researchers had provided the awareness on facilities available for a donation of human milk and benefits for them as well to the little tiny baby who cannot get human milk.
The objective of the study;
1. To assess the knowledge regarding Human Breast Milk Banking among postnatal mothers before and after the intervention.
2. To assess the attitude regarding Human Breast Milk Banking among postnatal mothers before and after the intervention.
3. To correlate the knowledge and attitude with selected demographic variables after interventions.
Null Hypothesis
Ho: No significant difference in the knowledge and attitude regarding Human Breast Milk Banking among postnatal mothers before and after the intervention.
METHODOLOGY
Research Approach: Researchers have conducted the by adopting quantitative research approach.
Research Design:Pre experimental one group pretest and posttest research design was adopted.
Setting: The study was piloted in selected hospitals ofthe Pune district.
Sampling techniques: Subjectswere chosen by using the techniques of judgemental sampling
Sample size: 40 postnatal mothers,who had been given the acceptance to participate in the study. These participants have been informed about the study and its purpose.
Tools of data collection:
The tool had comprised of three sections, section I contains demographic data, section II consisted of an assessment of knowledgeregarding human breast milk banking and section III contained the attitude of postnatal women regarding human breast milk banking, and section
RESULTS:
Table no 1: Distribution of participants based on their demographic variable ( freq and percentage) n=40
Sr.no Personal characteristics
Frequency %
1 Age of the mother
20-25 years 14 35
26-30 years 16 38
More than 30 years 10 25
2 Marital status
Married 35 87.5
Unmarried 0 0
Widow 2 5
Divorced 3 7.5
3 Education
qualification
Graduate 20 50
School education 20 50
Illiterate 0 0
4 Employment status
Daily waged 13 32.5
Private 15 37.5
10314
Government 8 20
Unemployed 4 10
5 Religion
Hindu 18 45
Muslim 9 22.5
Christian 8 20
Others 5 12.5
6 Family monthly
income
Less than 10000 9 22.5
10001 – 20000 10 25
20001 – 30000 7 17.5
More than 30000 14 35
Table no 2: Distribution of the participants based on the awareness scoreregarding HBMB n=40
KNOWLEDGE SCORES
Pre-test Post-test
Frequency Percentage Frequency %
Poor (0-2) 20 50 0 0
Average (3-5) 20 50 0 0
Good (6-8) 0 0 26 65
Excellent (9-10) 0 0 14 35
Table No. 3: Paired t-test scores on knowledge regarding HBMB n=40
Mean SD T
value
df p-
value
Pre-test 9.8 4.13 1.83 48 -7.8 Significant
post-test 32.7 2.18
Table no. 4: Distribution of the participants based on the attitude score regarding HBMB n = 40
ATTITUDE SCORES Pre-test Post-test
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Poor (0-2) 0 0 0 0
Average (3-5) 31 77.5 0 0
Good (6-8) 9 22.5 4 10
Excellent (9-10) 0 0 36 90
Table No. 5: Paired t-test scores on attitude regarding HBMB n=40
Mean SD t df p-value Remark
Pre-test 19.76 5.11 1.78 48 -1.58 Significant
post-test 36.76 2.06
Table No 6: Fisher’s exact test to check the association between selected demographic variables with knowledge scores:
Sr.no Demographic variable Scores P-Value
Average Poor
1. Age of the mother 0.024
20-25 years 12 12
26-30 years 3 10
More than 30 years 1 12
2. Marital status 0.171
Married 3 10
Unmarried 2 6
Widow 4 5
Divorced 2 8
3. Education qualification 0.29
Graduate 3 16
School education 0 10
Illiterate 3 8
4. Employment status 0.099
Daily waged 4 8
Private 0 7
Government 0 10
Unemployed 2 9
5. Religion 0.02
Hindu 4 8
Muslim 1 6
Christian 2 8
Others 2 9
6. Gravida 0.556
First pregnancy 4 29
Second pregnancy 2 5
More than 3 0 0
7. Number of Children 0.663
First pregnancy 4 21
Second pregnancy 2 13
More than3 0
Discussion:
10316 The current study aimed to assess the awareness among postnatal women regarding human breast milk banks and donation. The results showed that out of 40 participants, 50 % of the women had poorknowledge in the pretest, in the posttest the values rose, almost all women had good and excellent knowledge. Regardingthe attitude of women regarding HBMB, in the pretest majority of the women had a poor attitude, however, in the posttest, 90 % of the women had an excellent attitude. These results show that the intervention had shown a very good impact in improving the knowledge and attitude of women regarding human breast milk banks and donation of breast milk.
In general, in India the birth rates of small for gestational age, prematurity, and low birth weight quite high. To increase the consumption of breastfeeding rates, pasteurized human breast milk banks play a key role, directly which is beneficial in reducing the mortality and morbidity rates among newborn babies.
Thus it is very important to create awareness regarding human breast milk banks among postnatal women.
Nurses must advocate and enhance the knowledge regarding HBMB and exclusive breastfeeding.
Conflict of interest – Not found Source of Funding- No funds received.
Ethical clearance –Institutional Research Committee of Symbiosis College of Nursing, Symbiosis International Deemed University (SIU) has provided the ethical clearance.
References
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