Thai Massage and Role’s Folk Philosopher for Developing the Society
Phongsawut Rachjuntu, Seksan Sonwa,Worachat Wariwun,Surapong SangranooandPimolsuk Nilpai
Roi Et RajabhatUniversity,Thailand
*Sanya Kenaphoom
Rajabhat Mahasarakham University, Thailand
*Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The folk philosopher is the person in the local community society who owns the wisdom and brings wisdom to use in life until the success of accumulating experience, and able to transfer knowledge, properly linking the wisdom values of the past and the present in line with the present living.
Therefore, this research aims to 1) study the social development role of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form.2) Analyze how to transfer the social development role of the folk philosopher in the Thai massage form for sustainability, and 3) To propose a solution to the social development role of the folk philosopher in the Thai massage form to be sustainable. The key informants were obtained by Purposive Sampling from the population of Ban Non-Than community, Ban Bak subdistrict, Si Somdet District, Roi Et province, number 19 people as follows; (1) 1 village headman, (2) assistant village head 2 People, (3) Village committee of 5 people, (4) 10 general villagers, and (5) 1 folk philosopher. The research instrument was an in-depth interview created by the researcher, and the data were analyzed through a qualitative research methodology.
The research results found that; (1) The social development role of the folk philosopher is a development that focuses on management, which is considered to be the creator of knowledge and understanding about the community and society and be able to analyze the problems of the community that are currently facing and to creates a learning process within the community. (2) The social development role of the folk philosopher found that the health promotion of Thai massage is like Ayewattana drug because it increases the flow of blood and lymph throughout the body, resulting in better nutrition and toxin in the tissues of various organs. And (3)the guidelines for the development of social development roles of the folk philosopher, it was found that it should be promoted and supported by the government in the field of Thai massage such a device that can be used in Thai massage to add comfort even more and it is considered that it should be conserved for the offspring to inherit.
Keywords: Thai Massage,Society Development, Folk Philosopher INTRODUCTION
Each society consists of different groups of people who have to live together and relate to each other in terms of positions, duties, work, and behaviors that need to live together. Therefore, what will happen next is a problem, since each person is different in both physical and mental state, it can be found that in different societies the problem will be different as well. For example, in a small community, problems are not large and limited, but as a larger society, problems become more complex such as poverty causes crime, drug problems, etc. Therefore, it is enough to summarize the importance of social development as follows: (1) It is known that many social problems such as drug problems, violence, crime, etc. are all caused by social change. Therefore, in the development of society, it should be based on virtue and patience, as well as the courage to come up with ways to mitigate the problems and accept the changes that will occur in ways of reducing the problems. 2) It is a lesson learned that means that members of society learn, think, analyze problems to generate new knowledge, and can face upcoming solutions to serve as solutions to similar problems in the future. 3) Making society progress, that is, there is cooperation from all parties in society, be it family institutions, educational institutions, religious institutions, government political institutions, mass media, this includes relevant government agencies and also includes local people and communities, NGOs, the private sector. In which each party works together to think together and act following the plan set out in the social development 4) Making people in society together happily, making people in society coexist with happiness means that each member of society has a consciousness of social and environmental responsibility as a peaceful society. People have the right to freedom within the legal limits, and everyone in society has the opportunity and the ability to
develop their own potential to their fullest potential, be in a warm family, within a strong community, in a favorable environment, and live together in peace without conflict. 5) Making society stable, making society stable and united means members of society are united, have a common identity, know the value of culture, virtue, local wisdom, get an adequate education, be both good and able to contribute to social development (Apichaya Yoonaitharma, 2015: 7 - 8).
Therefore, social development means improving the quality of life to be free from poverty, ignorance, sickness, and hunger, as well as aiming to make people realize their potential, dignity, ambition, and satisfaction in their own life. In other words, social development means improving the quality of life of the people so that they can live, praise themselves and be free from bondage to all bondage (Tin Prachyapruit, 2012: 251) , therefore, there was the approach for developing the social such the five aspects are listed as follows: 1) Physical, 2) Contemplative, 3) Social, 4) Economic, and 5) The environment aspect. By integrating all the main Buddhist Dharma, and modern science into social development, sustainable balance occurs. Additionally, a human is a resource; which is a factor in the cost to bring economic and social development. But in the age of globalization, human resources should also have a look in that manner. People develop as human beings, and this allows individuals to qualify to live with wisdom. For goodness, it is aimed to graduate as a key to the success of the national society (Phusit Pulanram et al. 2020)
The folk philosopher, most people tend to perceive the body of knowledge or wisdom that comes from the villagers, is the knowledge inherited from the ancestors, born from the learning process, adapting through experiences that have been accumulated, developed, and passed on. It is intended to be used to solve problems that arise in living happily, principles, concepts, and ways of life of the philosopher, and it is something that people in this modern era should learn and lead to as an example in their life. The wisdom of the folk philosopher can be applied to work, which can be applied to the individual and local community as well. The ancestors of the Thai people are a nation with art, culture, traditions that are ancient and passed down for hundreds of thousands of years, the ancestors of the Thai people have brought their knowledge and abilities to pass on from one generation to another, which has been adjusted according to each period, to use to improve the living in the local community for more quality. These abilities are called (Siriluk Janthahom. 2018). Therefore, the folk philosopher refers to the people in the local community who own wisdom and apply wisdom to the benefits of living until the success of accumulating experiences, and able to transfer knowledge, properly linking the wisdom values of the past and the present in line with the present living (Community Development Office, 2017), therefore, it was said that these are the path of social capital which is an important capital that contributes to the healthy lifestyle of the people in society and supports the development of the economy, society, and government for a long time especially for enhancing the efficiency of services and production processes in the economic sector (Watcharaporn Jantanukul and Sanya Kenaphoom. 2020)
There are folk philosopher hundreds of people in Thai society who offer ideas and working methods to solve problems for communities and society through a lifelong practice process, it takes trial and error, and learns during a confrontation, where lessons are drawn down and sealed into wisdom that they can be applied elsewhere. The essence of the concept and method of the folk philosopher, starting with 1) Knowing yourself: You have to know what the problem you are facing, who caused it, we created the problem ourselves or others created the problem. For example, is it because of government policy or because of whom, analyze yourself and your community from the past to the present, what are the resources, history, and resources, intellectual capital, social capital, whether cultural capital and wealth exist or not, if there are many then what life or community needs, what is required, what is required?
Self-analysis allows us to understand ourselves the true needs and desires, enabling a life or community to relate or to dictate external influences that choose what should be accepted or should be rejected, how should it be adapted to life or community, is to be aware of the outside, which is like a community with immunity to the disease. 2) Using intelligence to work instead of money: Focus on creating a learning process, developing people to have intelligence, having ideas to solve problems by themselves, raising funds, raising resources later, there is a belief that if humans are intelligent they can solve problems, working together must always be realized as a process of creating people. 3) To create participation instead of command: Using a working method by persuading people to join from a small group first, creating a clear work, having concrete examples, proving that it is accepted that it can actually be done, thus expanding to a wider range, persuade more and more people to join the process with the principle of
meeting, bringing the ideas of each person to develop together. When the idea is clear, find ways to act, ask how to do it, who is responsible, what resources are needed, what is the budget, how much I have now, how much to borrow, will it be worth it? Ask questions to get answers to all issues clearly, when thinking about it, you have to do it yourself, but if you just think to offer it to others, it won't work. 4) The community must have a primary role, not a government agency: In the past, it was primarily government work, but the community was just a participant who was asked to help produce results that government agencies could report from hierarchy up to the ministry level. It can see that the goal of the government is not to affect the development of villagers in any way, but what is going to be reported is the work of the government agency itself, so it must be changed back as follows. The communities must play the main role, government agencies are just contributors, the villagers have to be the protagonist in the story, the government officials have to reduce their roles. Therefore, when the government has withdrawn, the community can operate on its own, not as the development of the past when the government withdrew, the budget is not promoted, the project or the development activity. It fell and died with the removal of the government agency itself. 5) Be a role model: People accept the folk philosopher lifestyle as a simple, unfussy, simple lifestyle, honesty, virtuous, based on Buddhism, there were no financial problems, everyone respected, lived life enough to eat, not soaring along with the lower factions, living consciously, rejecting materialistic society, but focusing on the mental dimension, being a friend of nature. The concept and way of life of the philosopher is something that people in this era should learn and be used as a model for living in which wisdom, methods of work can be applied to the individual and community level as well. Solving a problem, be it poverty or whatever problem we are facing, requires wisdom, knowledge, and understanding, the folk philosopher is a treasure trove of intellectual resources that must be used in the development of Thai society to overcome every crisis we face (Community Development Office, 2017).
Mrs. Kittinan Atsawaphoom is another folk philosopher who plays an important role in social development, that is to say, she is knowledgeable in Thai massage, and is certified by the Department of Labor for Thai Massage. In addition, knowledge is also studied for further development of knowledge to apply to the people of modern treatment. She also brings the knowledge she has studied to the maximum benefit that she has received many awards about Thai massage, she is committed to passing on the knowledge of Thai massage to the people of the village, including the district health promoting hospital.
At the same time, it operates a local Thai massage shop within the community to treat the body, pain, fatigue, thus making Mrs. Kittinan Atsawaphoom is regarded as the folk philosopher who has played a role in social development in the field of Thai massage.
According to the above, the researcher is interested to study “Thai massage and the role of social development of the folk philosopher”, one of the people who is regarded as the folk philosopher in the field of Thai massage. And expected to be able to develop new knowledge applied to Thai massage in the community and also be able to transfer knowledge to the general public.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study are (1) to study the social development role of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form. (2) To analyze how to transfer the social development role of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form to create sustainability. And (3) to propose a solution to the social development role of the folk philosopher in the Thai massage form to be sustainable in society.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The researcher researched the following:
1. Key informants were obtained by Purposive Sampling from the population of Ban Non-Than community, Ban Bak subdistrict, Si Somdet District, Roi Et province, number 19 people as follows;
(1) 1 village headman, (2) assistant village head 2 People, (3) Village committee of 5 people, (4) 10 general villagers, and (5) 1 folk philosopher.
2. The research instrument was the in-depth interview with a framework for analyzing the issues to be studied by synthesizing the concepts, theories, and related research under the following important points. (1) The social development role of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form. (2) the method for transferring the role of social development of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form to create sustainability. And (3) A guideline for solving the social development role of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form to be sustainable in society.
3.Data collection: (1) Data from document research is a qualitative study by collecting data from study and analysis of academic documents including research papers, books, theses, articles, journals, publications, including e-publications from various websites in the nation and abroad. (2) Data collected by in-depth interviews were obtained by the purposive sampling as follows: (1) the village headman, 2) the village head assistant, 3) the village committee, 4) the general public, and 5) the folk philosopher, a total of 19 people.
4. Data analysis: This study was conducted through a qualitative research methodology with the content analysis by compiling the opinions of the samples obtained to obtain consistent and different opinions of each interviewee, and each of the items, then bring the data to the conclusion to get the most facts.
RESEARCH CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS
The Thai massage and the role of social development of the folk philosopher determined the Research Conceptual framework as follows:
Figure 1: Conceptual framework used in the research RESULTS
1. Roles of Social Development of The Folk Philosopher inThai Massage Form
1.1 Roles of social development: is a social development focused on management, community leadership, based on the beliefs of the villagers, and being a model of life and being virtuous and devoted to participation, being the knowledge creator and understanding about community and society, which can analyze the problems of the community and society that are facing and to create a learning process within the community, building skills in local wisdom that have been accumulated to promote learning within the community and society, including the introduction of local culture to create an identity, pride in the community and society in order to stimulate the consciousness of the people in the society to create loyalty to the society, creating the unified values of a moral and ethical society into a society of wisdom with good and smart people, integrating local wisdom with various science in harmony until they have knowledge that is equal and can adapt to the situation of external change, respect and faith - personal qualities that act as a good example for people in the community and society for example: being a public-minded person with a sense of responsibility towards the public, including playing an important role in applying local wisdom to solving problems in the community and society, as well as the mission to pass on the knowledge that is valuable in itself for the benefit of society as a whole.
1.2 Roles of treatment Thai massage: Traditional Thai massage for healing is a kind of Thai massage which is the treatment and treatment of a branch of Thai traditional medicine. The massage focuses on pressing, rolling, squeezing, bending, and compressing, commonly known as "traditional massage". And Nowadays, it is gratifying that there is an increasing interest and desire to study Thai massage. The people who have experienced Thai massage are well recognized, which is a meaning that can indicate that Thai massage can learn and practice to lead a stable career. Thailand massage is valuable, but sometimes incorrect massage methods can result in injury, therefore, those who can properly perform Thai massage should learn and practice to become proficient to benefit the health of both the massager himself and the massage recipient.
1.3 The role of Health promotion Thai massage: Health Promotion Thai massage, which is considered to be a massage like an elixir, because increases blood and lymph circulation throughout the body, making the tissues of various organs get nutrients and toxins better. The massage can also affect the endocrine system, which secretes hormones that normalize the organs, indirectly contributing to their overall health and longevity. At the same time, the promotion is not only a means of massage, but it also promotes the prosperity of the Thai massage business, that is, receiving support from relevant government agencies to promote a better quality of life and is another way to promote Thai massage for people to maintain and conserve.
2. Method forTransferringthe Role of Social Development of The Folk Philosopher inThai Massage Form to Create Sustainability.
2.1 Transferring the Thai massage skills as an individual: Individual transmission is a type of massage in Thai style, which is a therapeutic and therapeutic area of Thai traditional medicine, which focuses on pressing, stretching, squeezing, bending, pulling, and compressing. Commonly known as
“Traditional massage” There is evidence that Thai massage is from India and it is believed that when the introduction of massage and the occurrence in Thailand is unclear. From then on, the massage was developed and revised to fit in with the culture of Thai society until it became a standard map of Thailand and passed down to the present. Thai massage is divided into 2 lines:
2.1.1 Royal Massage Refers to the target group of this massage is the master class, the nobility in the palace. Therefore, the massage is designed to focus on the use of fingers and hands only, the posture used for the massage is polite, there are many study requirements in which those who specialize in this field can work in a palace as a royal doctor, have a salary and rank, have an official position.
2.1.2 Captive massage refers to the massage that is used in the folklore with a general gesture or ritual in the massage and can also use other organs such as knees, elbows, toes to help save energy in the massage, which is different from Royal Massage that focuses on the use of hands alone.
For how to transfer Thai massage skills individually, there are steps and methods as follows.
The first step: supine, foot massage (right side), lower leg massage (inner shin furrow), front thigh muscle massage, back down leg massage. This method has to be remembered: When massaging both arms must be pulled, the back is bent to gain weight for good pressure, and the massager should not use his body weight to increase the pressure.
The second step: Supine position, back foot massage, ankle massage, 3 outer shin vertebra massage.
There are a few things to remember about this method: 1) When rotating the ankles, hold the ankle firmly, 2) When performing the massage, the thigh area needs to be gently massaged, 3) Pressing points to open the door should not exceed 30 seconds.
The third step: Supine position, massage the 1st and 3rd inner thigh muscles, third outer thigh muscles.
There are a few things to remember about this method: (1) Massage in this position is great for loosening the muscles in the thighs, but it needs to be done carefully which requires the flexibility of the muscles to be considered. (2) Use your hands to support your knees when you want to stretch the thigh muscles, (3) Massage should be performed step by step to gradually stretch the muscles, and (4) the sole of the massaged person should be leaned against the massager's arm to help stretch all the leg muscles.
The fourth step: The left side will massage the feet, calves, hips, and back. This method has to be remembered: when using the elbow, it must be done lightly, using the forearm against the elbow, not only the sharp part of the elbow, it is best to use the thigh area next to the knee to help massage as well and not just the knee.
The fifth step: Prone position, back and inner thigh muscles massage, calf muscle massage, and back massage. There are some things to remember about this method: When massaging the whole leg, or when massaging the knee, it should be done gently, gradually putting the weight down, also, use the knee and the area that is connected from the knee as well, not only the peak of the knee.
The sixth step: Supine position, whole arm, hand, and sitting position massage to massage the shoulders, neck, and head. There are some things to remember about this method (1) when massaging
the fingers and palms, they should be done quickly and with moderate force to achieve rhythm and weight, since the area is less muscular, 2) the head should be gently massaged, Forehead and temples.
2.2 Transferring Thai massage skills as a group:It emphasizes doing joint activities such as providing training on providing information and Thai massage to meet the needs of people interested in studying and learning.The process of Thai massage to be able to use it as well as training to know the methods of Thai massage,including being able to use it to benefit ourselves and others, how a group reaches knowledge quickly requires public relations, and integration, which is also a reflection of the participatory process.
2.3 Transferring Thai traditional massage skills through documents: It is another process that promotes Thai massage such as online distribution which is another intermediary that can spread knowledge about Thai massage with convenience, speed, and easy access to information, resulting in people learning and knowing more.
Picture 2: Massage with pressing skills Picture 3: Massage with rolling skills
Picture 4: Massage with squeezing skills Picture5: Captive massage
3. Guidelines for Developing the Role of The Folk Philosopher in The Sustainable Thai Massage Form;
3.1 Guidelines for the development of Thai massage for treatment: It is another branch of ancient science that is used to treat ailments like traditional healers. Background It is a traditional Lanna
remedy for ailments and is mostly used to treat physical pain or syndrome. Therefore, there should be an important principle according to the methods used to treat as follows. (1) Treading, patients who are treated by treading must adhere to the contraindications that Treading doctors say to speed up their recovery, in particular, food issues are believed to be slang, which may cause pain and relapse, such as bamboo shoots. And (2) Compress should consider the drug in the compress according to the patient's condition which needs to diagnose which drug each patient will take, compressing compress, which contains fresh compress medicine, which is a fresh plant drug, used for the treatment to get better results, the drug will penetrate the skin into the skin to reduce inflammation and pain and swelling.
3.2 Guidelines for the role development of Thai massage therapy skills for treatment: Traditional Thai massage for healing is extremely important as most people prefer a therapeutic massage because they want to relax and recover from pain and fatigue. Therefore, the role development approach for the transfer of Thai massage skills should contain the following important principles. (1) For people who suffer from excessive fatigue, massage therapy may not be a good solution, as it may not cure fatigue, this will only make the symptoms worse. (2) Must choose a Thai massage for treatment that is suitable for our body health to cure the exact point and condition, and (3) Thai massage therapy, the initial treatment should be to educate about the methods of massage first so that the treatment can understand the steps, methods, and details.
3.3 Guidelines for the development of roles in health promotion through Thai massage for therapeutic purposes: Should be supported by the government such as public relations, equipment that can be used in Thai massage to improve comfort, it is also something that should be preserved for the offspring to inherit.
DISCUSSION
The research on “Thai massage and the role of social development of the folk philosopher” contains findings and is an important issue that should be discussed in 3 issues as follows:
1. Roles of social development of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form promoting and healing traditional Thai massage, which is local wisdom to people interested in massage for relaxation. This is the transmission of local wisdom brought in from Ban Non-Than to allow the villagers to learn and participate in learning to increase massage skills. As a result, massage is the basis for life and well- being in the community for a better quality of life, and able to pass knowledge to neighbors and children to learn and understand easily in the study of traditional Thai massage wisdom. Consistent with the concept of Paiboon Changrien (2003: 7) said that the common role can be considered in two meanings: (1) First of all, social structure, which is a named social position that characterizes, qualifications, and activities of the person holding that position. (2) Roleplay or social interaction, role refers to the structured consequence of the learned action of a person in a state of first interaction, the role is the classification of individuals in society, which is characterized by their properties and behavior on norms. In the second sense, roles are a way of expressing how the behaviors of those interacting with each other, a person's role varies according to character, status, character, thinking, competence, motive, training, and satisfaction. Therefore, it can be seen that the social development role of the folk philosopher is a development that shows the importance of self-management of the community which brings knowledge from local wisdom to solve the problems of the community, and believe that only oneself can effectively manage their communities to drive economic and social growth. From increasing productivity based on wisdom and innovation that emphasizes the participation process of Pracharat power which defines the "people" as the center of development by bringing experience, knowledge, expertise, and local wisdom of people to benefit the public. the folk philosopher, the collector of local wisdom, is a body of knowledge that is formed, absorbed, nurtured, researched, and tested using their way of life, screening things that are valuable to life, inheritance and intellectual property transfer to others, thus playing a role in promoting self-learning of the community to give the villagers a correct understanding of the community. Confidence in the folk philosopher has created cooperation with villagers to help them think, analyze and find ways to develop local problems by systematically managing community resources and taking into account sustainability in the future.
It is also consistent with the research of Orapin Piyasakulkiat et al (2018: 225) stated that the role of the folk philosopher in the community building process was found that when a community faced a crisis, self-reliance is a fundamental principle in solving problems that arise through the mobilization of community members, as well as by raising social funds or available resources in the community. In
order is used as a guideline for solving problems with the fundamental belief that "Only oneself is his refuge". The folk philosopher is the intellectual leader who brings the folk knowledge to develop his community by using the social status or leadership in trying to build a united front to promote the strength of the community as much as possible, and encourage integration to solve problems integrating politics, economy, society, and communication technology, including culture, environment, and education, which are linked to each other.
2.The method for transferring the role of social development of the folk philosopher in Thai massage form to create sustainability. It is the transmission of folk wisdom, providing knowledge about Thai massage for the villagers to contribute to the quality of life. The way of transferring Thai massage skills individually is a kind of massage in Thai style, which is one of the therapeutic and therapeutic aspects of Thai traditional medicine, which corresponds to the concept of the wisdom of Thawan Mātčharat. (2000: 37) It was said that Thai wisdom can mean two ways: (1) Refers to the body of knowledge, abilities, and skills of the Thai people arising from the accumulation of experiences through the learning process. Select, add, develop, and continue to build on to solve problems and improve the way of life of Thai people in balance with the environment and suitable for the times (2) A holistic and culturally valued character arises in the Thai way of life, where local wisdom may be the source of a new and growing body of knowledge that will aid in learning, solving management problems, and adjustments in the life of the Thai people. For example, Agricultural wisdom was the ability to combine agricultural knowledge, skills, and concepts with technology by developing traditional values that can be self-sufficient in situations such as integrated farming, self-reliant agriculture. Therefore, it can be seen that the method of transferring the folk wisdom of the folk philosopher is the introduction of knowledge and folk wisdom to transfer using training providing knowledge about Thai massage for healing and adapting to the way of life according to the social, climatic, topographic, economic conditions and the natural resources and environment that are capital, culture, and way of life of the local community is born. Knowledge is a thought process that contributes to sustainable development.
3. Guidelines for developing the role of the folk philosopher in the sustainable Thai massage:
Guidelines for developing the role of Thai traditional massage for healing is another ancient field that is used to treat ailments like traditional healers which come from Lanna traditional methods of treating ailments such as Treading, Prohibition of eating slang, compress, which corresponds to Misra's concept of social development (Misra. 1981: 8) said that social development refers to the changes that have been made, taken or planned, in advance, by this change must go a better direction from an unsatisfactory condition to a satisfactory state to better do those things and better serve the needs of the majority of the people. Therefore, it can be seen that the social development role development approach of the folk philosopher is the development of knowledge to meet the development needs, enhancing the development potential in folk wisdom about Thai traditional massage wisdom to treat body aches to better meet the needs of treatment. The improvement of the development of the folk philosopher has the potential to increase the skill of the folk philosopher and can be treated in many forms. That is, it can be a dependence on people with pain or disease and increase the abilities and skills of the folk philosopher arising from the accumulation of experiences that have been through the process of learning and development. This is also consistent with the research by Orapin Piyasakulkiat et al. (2018: 223) It said that any local development must give great importance to local wisdom, especially the search for folk wisdom, finding people who know the local philosopher to be used as a tool to learn that community, community members must be educated at all times to lead the process of change as development occurs. The local wisdom must include processes related to learning, understanding local wisdom requires a diverse mix of knowledge and requires continuous adaptation in their learning communities and adapted to the situation. This adjustment is called "Situated Knowledge" is characterized by overlapping in many dimensions by combining local wisdom with modern science, creating innovations that are consistent with the current situation, creating a body of knowledge that arises from the self-learning process that blends in harmony with the current situation and is in constant motion, and it can also help the development move based on respect for the rights of different people as well.
RECOMMENDATIONS
From the results of this research, there are two separate research recommendations:
1. Recommendations for Adoption (1) The folk philosopher's development role should be consulted through public opinion and promotion of Thai traditional massage to enable everyone. Contribute together to develop and help solve problems related to Thai massage. (2) Thai massage should be promoted to be more well-known and will help preserve the culture that has been passed down from the old agesustainability. And (3) should be developed such as broadcasting news to know different groups of people to create diversity, increasing standard of massage and learning together, which will be effective and meet the need.
2. Recommendations for the next research: (1) Should study the role and function of social development of the folk philosopher to reach the public and create a more collaborative learning process.And (2) to study the social development issues of the folk philosopher influencing the livelihoods of the villagers for sustainable development in the society.
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