Design and Regulation of a Specialized Test According to the Phosphogenetic Energy System for Deaf and Mute Football Players
Sura Mohammed Abd Al Jabbar, Professor.RaheemAtiahChnani, Assistant Professor.Natiq Abdul RahmanWerytha
College of Physical Education Sport Sciences Misan University, Iraq
Emails:[email protected]
Abstract
The research consisted of four chapters, as the first chapter contained the introduction and the importance of the research, and the researchers addressed the importance of testing and measurement in the sports field, especially football, as well as focusing on the chest suppression test and then the accuracy of scoring from the movement, and the importance of research came in designing and codifying a specialized test according to the energy system Phosphogeny for deaf and dumb soccer players. As for the research problem, it enables the scarcity of a phosphagenic test for deaf-mute soccer players that simulate the reality of performance in the match. As for the areas of research, they included the human field that represented the Baro Olympic Committee players for the deaf mute football in the southern region ahead of the sports season. (2020-2021) and the temporal domain was determined 11/3/2020 up to 1/6/2021, while the spatial domain was for deaf-mute football fields in the southern region, the researchers used the descriptive approach using the survey method, as the research sample consisted of players from the southern region. The 65 dumb players were also used and the (SPSS) system was used to obtain the research results. The researchers concluded that a phosphagenic test for deaf and dumb soccer players in the GNU region was designed and codified. Therefore, the researchers recommend that it is necessary to pay attention to the standardized specialized test and to benefit from it in knowing the real level of the players, as it is one of the methods of objective assessment of the skill abilities in the Olympic Baro elves for the deaf and mute football players in the southern region.
Research definition:
Research introduction and its importance:
The game of football is one of the sports that is characterized by its wide popularity and a particularity derived from its possession of the elements of excitement and suspense, especially the deaf-mute players that their possession of these skillful abilities and due to the importance of the physiological aspect of this game so that they can perform a match with high efficiency and sound behavior in performance.
Reaching the advanced levels in terms of physical, kinetic and physiological aspects of deaf-mute football players is coupled with the continuous and structured training process aimed at developing the skillful performance of the player, and for the success of this training process, there must be methods that work on evaluating training programs, as well
as selecting and selecting distinguished players. The means are represented by the existence of a specialized skill test according to the phosphogenic energy system that the trainer applies before and during the training program to evaluate the skills of the players, and from here came the importance of research by designing a specialized test suitable for assessing the player's skill status and evaluating it during the training stages that have the ability to measure the extent of the player's possession of abilities The necessary skill that is related to actual performance.
Research problem
By looking at the scientific sources and interviews conducted by researchers with a number of coaches and watching the training of the deaf-mute soccer teams, and the continuous follow-up of the development in this game at the local level from the use of the entire areas of the stadium from the depth and directions of playing the balls, and in view of the development of the deaf-mute soccer game in Iraq, note the scarcity of a specialized test according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf and mute football players that simulates the reality of performance in the match so that these tests have a scientific significance to reveal the real level of the players and give a clear picture in the evaluation of their skill status in order to be suitable for their selection so that a good future is hoped for. Researchers enter into this problem and work on designing and regulating a specialized test according to the phosphogenic energy system, for the purpose of using it mainly to select deaf and dumb soccer players.
Research aims:
1. Identifying the special skills of deaf-mute soccer players according to the phosphogenic energy system of deaf-mute soccer players in the southern region.
2. Designing and regulating a specialized test according to the phosphogenetic energy system for deaf and mute soccer players in the southern region.
Research areas:
1. The human field: the players of the Baro Olympic Committees for the deaf-mute football in the southern region.
2. Time range: 11/3/2020 to 6/1/2021
3. Spatial domain: deaf-mute football stadiums in the governorates of the southern region.
Research methodology and field procedures:
Research Methodology:
The researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method and in standard studies for its suitability to the research problem.
The research sample:
The researchers determined the research sample by a deliberate method of deaf-mute football players in the southern region, as their total number was (65) players for the sports season (2020-2021), and table (1) shows this.
Table (1) shows the distribution of the sample and the percentage of deaf-mute football players in the southern region
The name of No the province Number of
Players Exploratory
experience Construction sample
and rationing Eliminated Players
1 Misan
22 5
- 17
2 Basra
- 23 - 23
5 Wasit
- 20 - 20
Total 65
5 - 60
percentage
%100
%7.69 92.31
%
% 0
Identifying and validating the combined skills of deaf-mute soccer players:
After conducting the survey process and reviewing the content of many available sources and scientific research on identifying the most commonly used and common integrated skills in football for the purpose of selecting some of them; Researchers resorted to preparing a questionnaire to identify the built-in skills of deaf-mute football players, the category of applicants, to seek the opinion of experts and specialists in the field of tests, measurement and football, as their number reached (15) specialists and experts, after receiving answers from specialists, dialogue with them and exchanging views, By adding some notes and deleting others, the researchers reached the most important integrated skills in their final form by extracting the value of (Ka2) at the degree of freedom (1), and the level of significance ≤
(0.05), and Table (2) shows that.
Table (2) shows the chi-square of the agreement of opinion of experts and specialists on the combined skills
No Combined skills
The
Accepters
Do not
agree
Value (Km2) calculated
Indicatio
n level
function and
acceptance
1 Put down with the chest - scoring from the movement 15
0
*15
0.00 function and
acceptable
Significance and acceptability when the value of (Ca2) is below the level of significance (0.05)
The design of the specialized test according to the phosphagenic energy system for deaf-mute football players and its validity:
The researchers designed a test according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf and mute soccer players in the southern region with its drawings. For each item of the test items, expressing their opinions on the proposed modifications in an open and unrestricted manner by adding what they deem appropriate in modifying, rejecting or accepting the tests. The researcher took their opinions and their agreement on the modifications, as shown in Table (3).
Table (3) shows the chi-squareagreementofexpertsandspecialists’opinionsondetermining
the validity of the specialized test for deaf-mute football players according to the phosphagenic energy system.
No Specialist tests
The Accepters
Do not
agree
Value (Km2) calculated
Indicatio
n level
function and
acceptance
1
The test (Sri Muhammad) for suppression with the chest, then the accuracy of scoring from the
movement
13
2 8.067
*
0.05 function and
acceptable
Final specifications of the specialized test vocabulary according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf-mute football players.
Test name: (Sari Muhammad) chest suppression test, then the accuracy of scoring from the movement.
The purpose of the test: To measure the accuracy and speed of skill performance according to the (phosphogenic) system.
Tools used: a legal football field, (5) legal footballs, a red flag, an electronic stopwatch, a timer, a tape measure, an adhesive tape, a square drawn on the ground (2 x 2 m), a poster in different colors for the goal, standing feet, and arrows To facilitate and direction of player movement.
Age and gender level: Advanced deaf-mute soccer players.
Performance description: The laboratory stands on the starting line located between the two damping areas by drawing a square on the ground (2 x 2 m) on the right and another square on the left with the same dimensions. The assistant by giving the ball to the laboratory inside the right field that is away from the damping field (5 m) and then moving to the left side with the same previous performance, quickly launching towards the balls installed on the line that is (7 m) from the damping field and which is (1 m) from the arc of the line (18 yards) And then possession of the ball and moving it within an arc (18 yards) (scoring field) and then returning to the second and third ball and continuing to play until the end of (12 seconds).
Performance Terms:
Ensure the skill performance in accordance with the law of the game.
The test must be explained and a model made of it before the application and the use of some signs indicating movement and standing and the use of some panels that explain to them how to perform the test.
The test should be performed as soon as possible.
Registration method:
The damping rates are calculated as follows:
The laboratory is assigned a score of (3) in the event of correct suppression and control of the chest.
The laboratory calculates a score of (2) in the case of correct chest compressions and lack of control over it.
For the laboratory, a score of 1 is calculated in the event of correct suppression in the chest, lack of control and its exit from the boundaries of the square.
A score of (zero) is calculated for the laboratory in case the ball is not properly extinguished.
Scoring accuracy scores are calculated as follows:
The laboratory shall calculate (5) a score if the ball enters the field specified by No. (5), with dimensions (1 m x 70 cm).
A score of (4) is calculated for the tester in the event that the ball enters the field specified by No. (4), with dimensions (1 mx 82 cm).
The laboratory calculates (3) a score in the event the ball enters the field specified by No. (3), with dimensions (1 x 92 cm).
A score of (2) is calculated for the tester in the event that the ball enters the field specified by No. (2), with dimensions (1 mx 2.44).
A score of (1) is calculated for the laboratory when scoring in the specified field No. (1), with dimensions (32,3 x 2,44 m).
For the tester, a score of zero is calculated if the ball goes outside the boundaries of the goal.
If the ball touches one of the stand or the crossbar and enters the laboratory (the same score in each field) is counted.
The final score for the test is calculated using the following equation:
Final test score = sum of damping and scoring accuracy scores.
Figure 1 Survey experience:
The exploratory experiment was conducted on Saturday 3/2/2021 at exactly ten in the morning in the stadium of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Maysan, which numbered (5) players, and this experiment was to
identify all field measurements for the designed test as well as obtain the basis parameters Scientific (honesty, constancy and objectivity).
Statistical analysis sample:
The researchers applied the test designed on the construction sample represented by 60 deaf-mute football players in the southern region, on 22/2/2021 and until 15/3/2021 according to the conditions and instructions concerned with applying the test.
Psychometric properties of the designed test:
Distinguishing ability:
The researchers used differential honesty, the raw scores were arranged in descending order on the building sample of (60) players, and (27%) were chosen from them to be the highest group and (27%) to be the lowest group, as it reached (16) the number of players in each of The upper and lower groups, and the statistical treatment between the results of the two peripheral groups was carried out using the (T-test) law for independent uncorrelated samples, which amounted to (22.709) under the significance level (0.05) and with a degree of freedom (30), as shown in Table (4).
Table (4) shows the discriminatory ability (strength) for the specialized test according to the phosphagenic energy system for deaf-mute football players.
No Specialist test
senior group Lower group
Calculated T value Indication
level Statistical
significance Arithmetic
mean standard
deviation Arithmetic
mean standard
deviation
1 ( Sura Muhammad (chest
suppression test 17.250
1.065 7.750
1.291 22.709
*0.000 D and
Distinguished
Ease and difficulty of designed testing:
The designed test must be characterized by difficulty and ease in a slow manner for deaf-mute football players. On this basis, to find out the level of difficulty and ease of the test and its suitability for this sample, the researchers proceeded to verify their normal distribution by adopting the convolution coefficient between (3+), and its value was (-0.212).
The scientific foundations for the designed test:
The researchers extracted the scientific foundations for the designed test (validity, reliability, and objectivity) through the pilot sample, through which the researchers extracted the following results, as shown in Table (5).
Table (5) shows the values concerned with the parameters of stability, self-validity, and objectivity in the specialized test according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf and dumb soccer players.
Statistical means:
The researchers used the statistical bag (spss) according to the following topics:
(percentage, significance ratio, chi-square, arithmetic mean, median, standard deviation, coefficient of torsion, test (test) for independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, kurtosis, standard degree Z-and-T. Modified).
Presentation, analysis and discussion of results:
Presentation of the results of (statistical milestones) for the specialized test according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf and dumb soccer players in the ration sample:
Among the requirements of the descriptive research that deals with the construction of the test is the presentation of the statistical parameters of the results of this test before the process of deriving and codifying the standards, and in light of this the researchers present the results of the statistical parameters of the specialized test according to the phosphogenetic energy system for deaf and dumb soccer players for the rationing sample of (60) players, and as shown. In Table (6), and for the purpose of codifying the designed test, the researchers used the standard score for the purpose of codifying the designer's test, the researchers used the standard score (Z) and the modified standard score for the tests designed and based on the normal distribution curve (KOS), which is one of the most common distributions in the field of physical education. Because many of the characteristics and characteristics that are measured in this field, their distribution approaches the normal curve, as shown in Table (6).
Table (6) shows the final statistical parameters of the specialized test according to the phosgene energy system for deaf-mute football players (chest suppression and then the accuracy of scoring from the movement)
Arithmetic mean Mediator
standard deviation Coefficient
of torsion Standard
error Kurtosis
The highest degree The lowest
degree Term
12.733 13.000
3.777 0.212
- 0.488
1.013 - 19
5 14
And determine the results of the scores and standard levels of the (Seri Muhammad) chest suppression test, then the accuracy of scoring from the movement, its analysis and discussion:
The researcher presents the raw scores, the standard score (za), and the modified standard score for the grades of the rationing sample for the (Sari Muhammad) test for chest suppression, then the accuracy of scoring from the movement, and setting the
No Specialist test
measurin g unit The
degree of stability Self-
honesty Objectivity
Indication level indication
1 The test (Sri Muhammad) for suppression with the chest, then the accuracy of scoring from the
movement Degree
0.822 0.901
0.949 0.000
* Functional
standard levels and repetitions for it based on the values of the standardized scores as shown in Tables (7) and (8).
Table (7) shows the raw scores, the standard score and the modified standard score in ascending order of the (Sri Muhammad) test for chest suppression, then the accuracy of scoring from the movement
No Raw grade
Standard score Modified
Standard Score No
Raw grade Standard
score Modified Standard
Score
1 5
-2.05 29.530
31 13
0.070 50.710
6 2 -1.78
32.170 14 32
0.340 53.350
6 3 -1.78
32.170 14 33
0.340 53.350
4 7
-1.52 34.820
34 14
0.340 53.350
5 7
-1.52 34.820
35 14
0.340 53.350
7 6 -1.52
34.820 14 36
0.340 53.350
8 7 -1.25
37.470 14 37
0.340 53.350
8 8
-1.25 37.470
38 15
0.600 56.000
9 8
-1.25 37.470
39 15
0.600 56.000
8 10 -1.25
37.470 15 40
0.600 56.000
11 9
-0.99 40.120
41 15
0.600 56.000
12 9
-0.99 40.120
42 15
0.600 56.000
9 13 -0.99
40.120 15 43
0.600 56.000
14 9
-0.99 40.120
44 15
0.600 56.000
15 9
-0.99 40.120
45 16
0.860 58.650
16 9
-0.99 40.120
46 16
0.860 58.650
10 17 -0.72
42.760 16 47
0.860 58.650
18 10
-0.72 42.760
48 16
0.860 58.650
19 11
-0.46 45.410
49 16
0.860 58.650
20 11
-0.46 45.410
50 17
1.130 61.300
11 21 -0.46
45.410 17 51
1.130 61.300
22 11
-0.46 45.410
52 17
1.130 61.300
23 12
-0.19 48.060
53 17
1.130 61.300
12 24 -0.19
48.060 18 54
1.390 63.940
25 12
-0.19 48.060
55 18
1.390 63.940
26 12
-0.19 48.060
56 18
1.390 63.940
27 12
-0.19 48.060
57 18
1.390 63.940
28 12
-0.19 48.060
58 18
1.390 63.940
29 13
0.070 50.710
59 19
1.660 66.590
13 30 0.070
50.710 19 60
1.660 66.590
(N = 60)
Table (8) shows the limits and percentages of the standard levels for the (Sari Muhammad) chest suppression test, then the accuracy of scoring from the movement
Standard score Modified Standard
Score Standard level
Number of players (repetitions) percentage
-(
)2 and less
29and less
Very weak 1
1.67%
-(
)1.99
ــــ -(
)1 30–39
Weak 9
% 15
-(
)0.99
ــــ
(
)0 40–49
Acceptable 18
30%
( )0.01
ـــــ (
)1 50–59
Average 21
% 35
( )1.01
ــــ (
)2 60–69
good 11
18.33
%
(
)2.01 more than
70 more than
very good 0
% 0
(N = 60)
It is evident from Table (8) that the (Sara Muhammad) test for chest suppression and then the accuracy of scoring from the movement, achieved the number of players within a very weak level (1) by a percentage (1.67%), and the number of players within a weak level (9) by a percentage ( 15%), and the number of players was within an acceptable level (18) by a percentage (30%), and the number of players was within an average level (21) by a percentage (35%), and the number of players was within a good level (11) by a percentage (18.33%). The number of players was within a very good level (0) with a percentage (0%), and thus the test achieved (5) standard levels to which the players were distributed normally.
Discussing the results of the scores and standard levels of the (Sri Muhammad) chest suppression test, then the accuracy of scoring from the movement:
From this it becomes clear to us that the sample was concentrated in the (acceptable) level, (medium) level and (good) level, and the researcher attributes that to the possession of these players high phosphogenic capacity by increasing the energy reserve within the muscle, and this is what Abdullah Hussein Al-Lami indicated, "as financing is being done. The source of energy in this case is either adenosine triphosphate (ATP) present in the muscle or that is rebuilt inside the muscle at the expense of existing creatine phosphate as creatine phosphate is the first compound that works to rebuild L (ATP) inside the muscle with a very short period of time quickly. And directly without the need for a number of chemical reactions, so the abundance of this compound inside the muscle cell makes the muscle work with a very high energy, which leads to a speed in muscle contractions and then an increase in speed in skillful performance positively and in increasing the kinetic balance and enabling players to quickly and correctly extinguish and diversify Starting in various
directions as well as performing the scoring skill in this test regularly and continuously, which led to the creation of a state of adaptation for the players to work at a high speed for the shortest possible period of time. D Skillful performance, and the non-oxygen-phosphogenic functional ability is one of the most important abilities that a soccer player needs to perform strong and fast movements such as (jumping, jogging extreme, kicking the ball, etc.) which are "accomplished in the shortest possible period of time ranging from (5-12) seconds" when performing Repetitive and different sports skills in football.
In view of what the sample came in this test from a statistical point of view represented in the test (Sura Muhammad) for chest suppression, then the accuracy of scoring from the movement that achieved the largest percentage in (acceptable), (medium) level and (good) level, so researchers nominate this test as an indicator of selection And it is within the specialized test designed according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf and mute football players in the research.
Conclusions and recommendations:
Conclusions:
1. In light of the research results that have been reached, the researcher concluded the following:
2. A specialized test design according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf-mute soccer players was reached, the (Sri Muhammad) test for chest suppression and then the accuracy of scoring from the movement.
3. The suitability of the specialized test designed according to the phosphagenic energy system and its homogeneity for deaf-mute football players
4. It was reached to determine the standard grades and the modified standard Z and T levels for the specialized test designed according to the phosphogenic energy system for deaf and dumb soccer players.
Recommendations:
In light of the results achieved and the conclusions drawn from this study, the researcher recommends the following:
1- Paying attention to the standardized specialized test and benefiting from it in knowing the real level of the players, as it is one of the methods of objective evaluation of the skillful abilities of the Olympic Baro Committees for deaf and mute football players in the southern region.
2- The need for coaches to adopt the specialized test designed as one of the criteria for selecting deaf-mute football players in the southern region according to the levels achieved in the light of the results of the research sample.
3- The necessity to circulate the tables of grades and standard levels extracted for the specialized test according to the phosphogenetic energy system to the Albao and Olympic committees for deaf-mute football players that have been achieved in the research in order to use them in the selection, follow-up and
continuous evaluation processes to know the capabilities of the players and their classification.
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